Handouts

A true-size Amsler grid with home-check instructions for any macular condition, and an evidence page on slowing AMD (the AREDS2 formula, smoking and other risks, diet).

A guide for parents on why treatment timing matters, why glasses come first, and how patching, atropine, and digital therapy compare, with PEDIG trial results.

Explains why glasses with a near add come first for convergence excess, which vision therapy exercises are used, and how strong the evidence is.

A guide to the pencil push-up technique for convergence insufficiency, the dose used in trials, and how push-ups compared with office therapy in the CITT trials.

Glasses power to contact lens power at a 12 mm vertex distance from 4.00 to 20.00 D, with the vertex formula and a worked example for other distances.

Expected values for phoria, AC/A, smooth and step vergence ranges, vergence facility, NPC, and accommodative testing (amplitude, facility, MEM, NRA and PRA).

Keratometry readings from 34.00 to 56.25 D converted to radius in mm, with both formulas and where 337.5 comes from.

A guide for opticians: which tint or filter to offer for night driving, glare, sports, screens and light sensitivity, why it works, and what to say, with FL-41, Avulux and 41 linked sources.

Convert distance visual acuity between Snellen (20 ft, 6 m and 4 m), decimal, logMAR, and VAR with this printable table.